Constipation in Cats: Is That an Emergency?

Constipation is a condition that not only can make your cat feel incredibly uncomfortable but can also potentially cause a variety of complications. Our Gallup vets talk about constipation in cats, what the causes and symptoms are and how you can help provide your cat with some relief.

Constipation in Cats

You should notice on average that your cat is passing stool every 24 to 36 hours at the very least. If your cat poops less frequently, strains when attempting to have a bowel movement or doesn’t leave any feces in the litter box, constipation could be the problem. Constipation in cats can be a common concern and is usually mild enough to be remedied with at-home treatments.

If your cat begins to experience constipation infrequently there’s likely no cause for concern, but you should contact your vet if it becomes a common problem or if it’s been more than 48 to 72 hours since your cat had a bowel movement.

Constipation in cats can be a symptom of a serious underlying health issue and may be causing your cat considerable discomfort - or even severe pain in some cases.

What are the most common causes of constipation in cats?

Constipation in cats can occur if your cat's digestive system isn't able to move things through their intestines normally. Factors contributing to your cat’s constipation might include:

Though elderly cats experience constipation more often than kittens, the condition can develop in cats of any breed or age who eat a low-fiber diet or don’t drink enough water.

What are the typical symptoms seen in cats suffering from constipation?

Normally, cat feces is well-formed, rich brown in color and moist enough that litter will stick to it.

Signs of constipation in cats include hard, dry stools which end up either inside or outside of the litter box - the discomfort of trying to pass these stools may have your cat leaving the litter box before actually being finished.

Other symptoms of constipation may include:

• Entering and exiting litter box multiple times when needing to go
• Straining or crying in the litter box
• Avoiding litter box
• Not being able to poop at all

If you notice signs of discomfort when your cat uses the litter box, contact your vet as this may indicate serious urinary tract issues.

Since constipation in cats can be a sign of another underlying health issue, you may also notice one or more of the following symptoms:

If your cat is displaying any of these symptoms with or without constipation, it's time to visit your vet.

What are the methods of treating constipation in cats?

Though some constipation issues are mild and can be treated with changes to diet and lifestyle, along with at-home remedies, some may be severe and need the attention of your vet. Serious issues may become emergencies.

Constipation in cats must be treated as soon as possible to decrease the risk of permanent damage as a result of prolonged distension of the colon.

To treat constipation in cats, the underlying disorder must be identified and if possible, corrected.

Impacted feces should be removed and recurrences prevented. The inability to pass urine or feces, or pain when passing urine or feces, is considered a veterinary emergency. Your veterinarian may first run any applicable diagnostic tests, then provide fluids or an enema for immediate relief, and prescribe medications or recommend over-the-counter meds.

A qualified veterinary professional can safely and effectively perform an enema for your cat - NEVER attempt to do this yourself - some types of enemas designed for humans are toxic to cats.

If your cat’s constipation is long-term or if your kitty is suffering from obstipation (the inability to empty her colon on her own), they may have megacolon, which is an enlarged intestine due to a defect in the colon’s muscle strength.

Cats with chronic constipation or megacolon that do not respond to medical treatment may need to have the section of the large intestine that’s affected removed.

Ways you can help provide relief for constipation in your cat at home

These at-home remedies may help provide relief for constipation in cats:

• Minimize stress and anxiety
• Increase exercise to help with weight loss, reduce anxiety and promote normal movement of intestines
• Try a new diet (lamb, chicken, special limited ingredients or hypoallergenic diets) to reduce inflammation and allow intestines to move things normally
• Try fiber-rich foods, a teaspoon of canned, pureed pumpkin once or twice a day, or ginger as natural remedies
• Provide probiotics
• Help your cat maintain a healthy weight
• Over-the-counter laxatives (consult your vet, as these may worsen symptoms in cats with underlying or chronic diseases)

How to keep track of your cat's litter box habits

Track the frequency of your cat’s litter box deposits and stool consistency initially at least twice a week, then weekly or biweekly.

If you see hard, dry feces, or if you notice that your cat is straining while defecating or exhibiting other symptoms of constipation, contact your veterinarian - especially if diarrhea is a factor since dehydration can quickly become a problem.

Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.